The report situates human rights within the broader context of political, economic, and social transformation, emphasizing that the protection of rights and freedoms is inseparable from the consolidation of the rule of law, social justice, and sustainable development
Prepared through a structured institutional process, the report draws on data collected across the Council’s committees and field units, alongside consultations with civil society, national institutions, and international partners.
It reviews legislative developments, public policies, and institutional practices, while identifying persistent gaps that require further reform, enhanced coordination, and more effective implementation to meet constitutional guarantees and international human rights standards
Report: 18th Annual Report of the National Council for Human Rights
Coverage period: 1 July 2024 – 30 June 2025 (with some activities extending to August 2025)
International Human Rights Engagement
- States submitting Universal Periodic Review (UPR) recommendations: 137
- Total UPR recommendations submitted: 343
- UPR review session: January 2025
- Adoption of Egypt’s UPR outcome: June 2025, 59th session of the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC)
Complaints Mechanism
- Civil and political rights complaints: 67.4 percent of total complaints
- Economic and social rights complaints: 10.5 percent
- Complaints outside NCHR mandate: approximately 21 percent
- Response rate to torture and ill-treatment complaints: 97.2 percent
- Complaints concerning Egyptians abroad: 13 submissions (0.4 percent of total)
Civil Society Dialogue & Outreach
- Dialogue and thematic discussion sessions: 7
- Consultation events with civil society for UPR preparation: 3
- Civil society organisations consulted during UPR preparation: approximately 70
- Participants in the Annual Civil Society Forum: more than 150 NGOs
Field Monitoring
- Governorates visited: 12
- Field missions conducted: 12
- Public service and institutional inspections: conducted during each mission
Parliamentary & Legislative Engagement
- Parliamentary committee meetings attended: 23
- Draft laws reviewed or discussed:
- Criminal Procedure Code
- Asylum Law
- Social Security Law
- Two draft laws on old rent arrangements
Education & Public Spending
- Government allocation to education and scientific research (FY 2024/2025): approximately EGP 998 billion
- Students not included in national enrollment figures: approximately 450,000 Al-Azhar University students
Housing & Urban Development
- Housing units completed under the National Housing Project: 725,000 units
- Cumulative public-sector real estate investment: approximately EGP 376 billion
- Cumulative private-sector real estate investment: approximately EGP 460 billion
Road Safety
- Road fatalities (2024): 5,260
- Road injuries (2024): 76,362
- Road fatality rate: 12.8 per 100,000 inhabitants
Environment & Climate
- Egypt’s ranking in Climate Change Performance Index (2025): 20th globally
- Increase in carbon emissions: 12 percent
- Egypt’s share of global greenhouse gas emissions: 0.6 percent
- Share of public green investments allocated to transport: approximately 50 percent
- Drinking water coverage: 99 percent
- Urban sanitation coverage: 96 percent
- Rural sanitation coverage: approximately 48 percent
National Development Initiatives
- Population benefiting from “Decent Life” (Hayah Karima) – Phase I: approximately 55 percent of Egypt’s population
- Villages covered in Phase I: 1,477
- Implementation rate of Phase I: nearly 90 percent
- Villages targeted in Phase II: approximately 1,667
- Population targeted in Phase II: around 21 million citizens
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