US Secretary of State Marco Rubio speaks to members of the media before departing for Israel at Joint Base Andrews, Maryland. AFP
The trip is taking place after President Donald Trump rebuked Israel over the unprecedented attack against Hamas leaders meeting in Doha on Tuesday.
It marked Israel's first such strike against US ally Qatar and has put renewed strain on diplomatic efforts to bring about a truce in Gaza.
Before departing for the region on Saturday, Rubio told reporters that while Trump was "not happy" about the strike, it was "not going to change the nature of our relationship with the Israelis".
But he added that the United States and Israel were "going to have to talk about" its impact on truce efforts.
Israel's strike in Doha targeted Hamas leaders gathering to discuss a new ceasefire proposal put forward by the United States.
Netanyahu claimed on Saturday that killing senior Hamas officials would remove the "main obstacle" to ending the war.
In recent days, Israel has ramped up efforts to seize control of Gaza City, the territory's largest urban centre, telling residents to evacuate and blowing up numerous high-rise buildings.
As of late August, the UN estimated that around one million people were living in the city and its surrounding areas, where it has declared a famine it blamed on Israeli aid restrictions.
Bakri Diab, who fled western Gaza City for the south, said Israeli strikes continued there as well.
"All the occupation has done is force people to crowd into places with no basic services and no safety," said the 35-year-old father of four.
'One obstacle'
Gaza's civil defence agency said at least seven people were killed since dawn Sunday in Israeli strikes in the territory.
On Friday, the UN General Assembly voted to back a revival of the two-state solution, in defiance of Israeli opposition.
Israeli allies Britain and France, alongside several other Western nations, are set to recognise Palestinian statehood at a UN gathering this month out of exasperation at Israel's conduct of the Gaza war and in the occupied West Bank.
Nevertheless, Israel retains the backing of its most powerful ally and biggest arms supplier, the United States.
Ahead of Rubio's visit, State Department spokesman Tommy Pigott said the diplomatic chief would show "our commitment to fight anti-Israel actions including unilateral recognition of a Palestinian state that rewards Hamas terrorism".
At home, opponents of the Netanyahu government have sought to pressure ministers to end the war in return for the release of Israeli captives held in Gaza.
On Saturday, the Hostages and Missing Families Forum, the main campaign group for the captives, accused the Israeli premier of being the "one obstacle" to freeing the captives.
'Alarming passivity'
Brian Katulis, a senior fellow at the Middle East Institute, said Rubio was unlikely to push Israel toward a ceasefire.
"There is an alarming passivity in actually getting to a ceasefire in Gaza," said Katulis, who worked on Middle East policy under former president Bill Clinton.
"The administration seems to be listening more to its own base of Huckabees and other evangelical Christians allied with right-wing Israelis," he said, referring to the US Ambassador in Jerusalem, Mike Huckabee, a Baptist pastor.
In Jerusalem, Rubio will visit the Western Wall with Netanyahu on Sunday, according to the Israeli prime minister's office.
Israel's war on Gaza has killed at least 64,803 Palestinians, mostly women and children, according to figures from the Palestinian health ministry that the United Nations considers reliable.
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