The final ended 36-36 after extra time, prompting a rare shootout to decide the winner.
Spain had led 16-14 at halftime, but Germany fought back to level the match 31-31 in regular time and forced an additional period.
Denmark secured third place with a 33-31 win over Sweden.
Hosts Egypt, who finished fifth, were represented in the tournament’s All-Star Team by right winger Abdelrahman Aly.
Spain’s Marcos Fis Ballester was named the tournament's Most Valuable Player (MVP), while Aljuš Anžič of Slovenia finished as top scorer with 67 goals.
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