Mane was injured in a German league game between Bayern Munich and Werder Bremen on Nov. 8.
Most of Senegal's squad arrived in Qatar for the World Cup on Sunday. The team's first game in Qatar is against the Netherlands on Monday.
Senegal, the reigning African champion, had hoped that Mane could return but announced Thursday that it's not possible.
Senegal plays host Qatar four days after it faces the Netherlands. Its final game in Group A is against Ecuador on Nov. 29.
Mane was injured early in the Bayern game. The Bundesliga club said the two-time African player of the year had an injury to the head of the fibula bone in his lower right leg.
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