Basel Mahmoud's Articles

​Renewed turbulence in Venezuela’s oil sector is once again testing the resilience of global energy markets, forcing oil-importing countries to reassess their exposure to price volatility, supply security, and fiscal sensitivity.

Egypt has launched one of the largest aviation infrastructure development programmes in decades, aiming to modernize the airport system and boost its economic and tourism role, an initiative carried out in partnership with the International Finance Corporation (IFC) and global investment consortia.

Egypt’s newly raised minimum wage of EGP 7,000 was meant to ease pressure on workers, but uneven enforcement and soaring inflation have instead fuelled protests and renewed questions over whether the state can protect real incomes.