On Wednesday, former Hamas Chief Khaled Meshaal called for a “day of rage” across the Arab and Muslim world on Friday in support of the Palestinians. He also called for the peoples of neighbouring countries to "join the fight against Israel."

At Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, Israeli police tried to limit the potential for confrontation, only permitting older men, women, and children to enter for prayers.

In Egypt, hundreds of people took to the streets near Al-Azhar mosque in Cairo after weekly Friday prayers.

In Jordan, more than 10,000 people massed in the capital of Amman near the Grand Husseini Mosque, responding to calls to protest on social media.

Meanwhile, Iraqis poured onto the streets of Baghdad Friday, state television reported.

"No to the occupation! No to America!" chanted the Iraqi demonstrators, who had gathered in Tahrir Square after Shia leader Moqtada Sadr called for a demonstration "in support of Gaza" and against Israel, an AFP journalist reported.

France said on Thursday it was banning all pro-Palestinian demonstrations.

The call to protest on Friday comes amid the ongoing Israeli siege on Gaza, which has cut water, food, and electricity from Palestinians residing in the impoverished Palestinian enclave.

The Israeli airstrikes, which have caused destruction, casualties, and displacement in the coastal enclave, followed surprising incursions into Israel by Hamas on Saturday.

Protestors face French Gendarmes as they gather at Place de la Republique for an unauthorized demonstration in support of Palestinians in Paris, on October 12, 2023. 

Iraqis hold a mass rally supporting the Palestinians in the Gaza Strip on Friday, Oct. 13, 2023., in Baghdad, Iraq. 

Hezbollah supporters gather during a rally in Beirut on October 13, 2023​.

Protesters chant slogans while holding Palestinian flags during a protest to show their solidarity with the Palestinians, in Istanbul, Turkey. Friday, Oct. 13, 2023. ​

Demonstrators take part in a rally to show solidarity with Palestinians, in Quetta on October 13, 2023.

Demonstrators burn an Israel flag during a rally to show solidarity with Palestinians, in Quetta on October 13, 2023.​